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應(yīng)試英語(yǔ)短文寫作技巧
寫作是綜合的語(yǔ)言技能,和語(yǔ)言基本功、詞匯量等都有著密切的關(guān)系。下面是小編分享的應(yīng)試英語(yǔ)短文寫作技巧,歡迎大家閱讀!
一、 脫離baby English的成熟風(fēng)格
1. 拋棄“以我為中心”
我們很容易在學(xué)生的作文中看到多個(gè)以I為主語(yǔ)的句子,這使得整篇文章看上去“我”的地位非常突出,不僅行文上給人感覺(jué)非常單調(diào),而且顯得觀點(diǎn)的表達(dá)太過(guò)主觀,孩子氣太重。例如一篇以Friends為題的習(xí)作就出現(xiàn)了這樣的問(wèn)題:
。1) I’ll talk about the topic on how to make friends. I think it’s important for everyone to make friends because we need someone to turn to when we are sad or in trouble. I also think that friends can help us succeed.
這樣的文章好似一家之言,不太具有說(shuō)服力,如果我們將主語(yǔ)做些修改,文章的口吻將更客觀:
。2) There seems to be quite a lot for me to say about the topic how to make friends. It’s important for everyone to make friends because we often need someone to turn to when we are sad or in trouble. Friends, sometimes, can help us succeed, as many examples have shown.
2. 合并句子
太過(guò)簡(jiǎn)單的單句組合讓文章顯得零散、不成熟,一些簡(jiǎn)單的手段便可實(shí)現(xiàn)句子的整合,比如使用標(biāo)點(diǎn)、連接詞、介詞或從句等手段。例如(1)的原文與修改過(guò)的(2):
。1) In the first place, you should be kind to others and wear smile in your face. Smile is the magnet to attract others. In addition, you should try your best to remember other’s name. When you disagree with others, don’t argue with them, try to cool down.
(2) Try to be kind to others with smile on your face which is the magnet to attract others and always try to remember other’s name. When you disagree with others, don’t argue with them but cool down.
修改過(guò)后,四句變成了兩句,通過(guò)使用介詞with、 定語(yǔ)從句、連詞and與but等手段,該段變得更為緊湊與利落。
二、 接近real English的個(gè)性風(fēng)格
學(xué)生作文中的英語(yǔ)之所以看起來(lái)不太地道,一是和他們的語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)有關(guān),另外,語(yǔ)言的組織太四平八穩(wěn)、缺少新意也是一個(gè)原因,他們更喜歡或習(xí)慣使用簡(jiǎn)單的主 + 謂 + 定 + 賓 + 補(bǔ) + 狀等正常語(yǔ)序的陳述句。實(shí)際上,通過(guò)行文方式的改變,作文可以使人耳目一新。
1. 顛倒主謂
倒裝是一種語(yǔ)法手段,英語(yǔ)中最基本的倒裝句為主、謂倒裝,倒裝有時(shí)是出于語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要,有時(shí)是出于修辭的需要,起到了突出或強(qiáng)調(diào)等作用,這就帶來(lái)了表達(dá)效果的差異,也改變了我們的語(yǔ)言風(fēng)格。例如:
On the playground shouted the PE teacher, “Boys and girls, come back!”
此句中,狀語(yǔ)提前,主謂顛倒,讀起來(lái)新穎,不落俗套。
2. 以介詞短語(yǔ)開頭,例如:
With the hope for being admitted to college, he studied much harder than his classmates.
3. 以形容詞開頭,例如:
。1) Sally was Betrayed. She fell into despair and sat in the dark for the whole night.
。2) Betrayed, Sally fell into despair and sat in the dark for the whole night.
例(1)中,第一句話省略主謂,只留下過(guò)去分詞便形成(2),過(guò)去分詞有時(shí)弱化分詞功能,形成形容詞。
4. 以副詞開頭,例如:
。1) People usually think that westerners are opener than Asains.
。2) Usually, people think that westerners are opener than Asains.
5. 以不定式開頭,例如:
。1) The two generations can do something together at least once a week to get a closer relationship.
。2) To get a closer relationship, the two generations can do something together at least once a week.
6. 以從句開頭,例如:
。1) We should do what we can do even though the current situation will not change in a short time.
。2) Even though the current situation will not change in a short time, we should do what we can do.
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